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CURRENT MOON

  Saturday, April 02, 2005


The Hydrogen Fueled Aviation
from Our Own New Age


With high oil prices set to stay, airlines may shift the burden to passengers. (May be an A-320)
Lately I have seen the following story title-like text: High oil prices may spark airfare hikes.

How brilliant? I would like that newspaper writer's job. Where do they get this data? Do they ever put gasoline in their cars? Let's see those prices. I imagine that those crude oil refineries are cracking both gasoline and kerosene - all in the same day while at work dividing our precious crude oil.

Fri Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri
2005 3/11 3/14 3/15 3/16 3/17 3/18
Kerosene-Type Jet Fuel
New York Harbor 158.13 157.65 159.05 164.07 162.74 164.10
U.S. Gulf Coast 155.88 154.80 156.20 161.92 159.84 161.68
Los Angeles 168.77 169.60 170.70 174.14 174.64 174.18
Rotterdam (ARA) 160.74 161.20 166.41 169.81 171.32 168.90
Singapore 153.45 155.95 157.26 157.50 165.48 161.43
Fuel price per gallon lately and do not include taxes or service.

Hydrogen fueled Fairchild Dornier 328 jet. (Where is Boeing?)
The end of oil is in sight. We will never run out of oil but this is the latest when we will need to develop alternative forms of energy for our disposal. One possible fuel for aviation is hydrogen indeed. This fuel will have to be developed well enough not to just work in the laboratory but be used safely and reliably in operational service. Bring on the next dream.

I have a lot of respect for the following group of remarkable people. They are creating something in order to reward themselves with their own victory and a small ton of moolah.

Boeing is studying the feasibility of a hydrogen powered passenger plane. The Boeing study explores different tank configurations. They also mention the engineering challenge of designing a vacuum insulated tank of the required size and lightness. Ahem, guys, you'd better check out that jet on the left.

Those cylindrical tanks below its wings are holding liquid hydrogen at the freezing temperature of -423.0°F (4.23 lb/ft3). In order to keep the weight of the insulation as low as possible, the ratio of tank surface to volume must be low. Spherical or cylindrical tanks are favorable. Conventional inner wing tanks are no longer feasible along with this new product.

The problem with liquid hydrogen is that in order to store the same amount of energy potential as kerosene will require 4.2 times as much space. This plane suffers from the same sort of problem as the new hydrogen powered automobiles. Although this plane does fly, it just won't fly far enough to attract customers.

Are the Germans or Russians in on this race? Oh yes they are. Apparently I think they're winning. Hey Boeing, you should keep reading.


This is a modified over inflated version of the Airbus 320 shown in the first picture. This one is known as the Cryoplane.
The following competition with Boeing has the following picture of the flyable Cryoplane (left & right). It is a modified Airbus 320 which is shown in the first picture (of this blog) in its original and kerosene burning form. Liquid hydrogen as implied in the plane's name is required instead of compressed gas. Not enough compressed hydrogen for a long voyage and any tanks needed are far too heavy. Good lord I'm worried about any future customer potential. Lets hope this is between 15 and 20 years from now that these airplanes will be sold. Let's hope those customers have forgotten about something called a Hindenburg that had all of its hydrogen just overhead.
This version has been photographically "unzipped" in order to demonstrate the new fuel tanks that are no longer found in the plane's wings.
While the combustion value for kerosene is around 42,800kJ/kg, it is 120,000kJ/kg for hydrogen. Hydrogen contains three times as much energy per kilogram, which in turn means that only a third as much fuel has to be carried to cover a certain range. This is how the aircraft's maximum load is boosted.

In order to be fair I think I'll end this little story with some of the bad things about the exhaust from these hydrogen planes. What on earth?

A very important consideration in using hydrogen as aircraft fuel, is the possibility of a significant reduction in harmful emissions. During the combustion of kerosene in today's engines, carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) are produced. Additionally lesser amounts of sulphur dioxide (SO2), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxide (NOX) and unused hydrocarbons (HC) are also emitted. The last three substances are considered to be greenhouse gases.

the use of a so called "Premixed Perforated Plate" reduced nitrogen oxide emissions by 95 per cent when compared with a modern kerosene motor. According to Dasa's Dr. Jonny Ziemann this technology is a promising option for hydrogen fueled engines. He is responsible for the engine design/modification in the Cryoplane project. This project's jets also produce water which above 10,000 feet is also a greenhouse gas. Just how terrible can that possibly be?

I still insist that these remarkable people are amazing. Perhaps they didn't even realize their own significance in our future. Maybe someday they'll realize their own history?


6:20:54 AM    Feed Me! []


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